Steel
Non-Destructive Testing, Passivation, Convertion, Coating, Painting
Cadmium Plating
Cadmium plating is an electrolytic process applied by cadmium-ions deposition released from an anode installed inside tanks. The part dipped into a cyanalkaline solution works as cathode.
Plating thickness varies between 3 up to 25 micron, and usually can be either passivated or phospatated depending on features required: chrome passivation is used to increase corrosion resistance, while phosphating improve adhesion for following painting activities.
Cadmium plating can be also applied by tumbler.
| Corrosion | ++ |
| Abrasion | - |
| Electrical Conducivity | + |
| Painting Adhesion | + |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 400 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 600 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | Y |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS-QQ-P-416 AMS2400 STA 100-80-06 BPS4006 6605F QTA1201 TY B CL 1 NP913101 DEF-STAN-03-4 DEF-STAN 03-19 PCS 2101 NTA72170 |
Plant 2
| x / dia [mm] | Ø 400 |
| x / lenght [mm] | – |
| x / height [mm] | 1800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | Y |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS-QQ-P-416 AMS2400 STA 100-80-06 |
Zinc-Nickel Plating
Zinc nickel plating is an electrlytic process applied by deposition of zinc-nickel alloy with nickel percentage between 6-20%.
This plating, specially used in Automotive to satisfy incresing requirments about corrosion and temperature resistance, was recently introduced in Aerospace because of uniformity and compactness of plating, in addition to the wear and abrasion incresing resistance.
Thickness can vary between 8 up to 20 micron, and plating can be either passivated or phospatated depending on characteristics required: chrome passivation is used to increase corrosion resistance, while phosphating enhance adhesion for following paintings activities.
Zinc nickel plating can be also applied by tumbler.
[table “” not found /]
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 500 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 600 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS2417 |
Chrome Plating
Chrome plating is an electrolytic process applied dipping parts (working as cathode) into tanks equipped with lead anodes and containing trivalent chrome solution.
The coating, which can vary between few micron (flash) up to 2-3 tenths of millimeters, is used to increase wear and abrasion resistance, reduce steel to steel friction, improve corrosion resistance.
Moreover, chrome plating is used to restore required dimension parts which are either worn or erroneously machined.
| Corrosion | ++ |
| Abrasion | ++ |
| Electrical Conducivity | - |
| Painting Adhesion | - |
| Fatigue Strenght | -- |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 3000 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 800 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | Y |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS2406 AMS2460 AMS2438 6602F DCMP 138 PCS 2110 |
Passivation
Passivation is a chemical process applied by immersion of the parts into tanks containing acid solutions. Thin protective film produced removes contaminations coming from non-noble metallic particles and improve corrosion resistance. This process does not change dimensions of parts.
| Corrosion | + |
| Abrasion | -- |
| Electrical Conducivity | ++ |
| Painting Adhesion | + |
| Fatigue Strenght | + |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 1500 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 800 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS2700 AMS-QQ-P-35 TY II TY VI 6616F AP1025 QTA1401 SPCGEN10054 NP913601 BS6338 |
Copper Plating
Copper plating is an electrolytic process applied dipping part (working as cathode) into tanks equipped with pure copper anodes and containing cyanide and metallic copper.
The coating can vary between few micron (flash) up to high ticknesses depending on final use: usually flash is applied to prepare surface to others plating, increasing adhesion (ex: nickel plating).
On the other hand, high thicknesses basically are applied as protection coating during carburasing and nitriding phases.
| Corrosion | + |
| Abrasion | - |
| Electrical Conducivity | ++ |
| Painting Adhesion | - |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Impianto 1
Impianto 1
| x / dia [mm] | 600 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 1200 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS2418 STA 100-81-10 6636F |
Silver Plating
Silver plating is an electrolytic process applied by silver-ions deposition released from anode installed inside tanks. Part immerses into a cyanide solution work as cathode.
This plating provides good conductivity features, either electrical or termal, and gives a lower coefficient of friction between moving parts, in addition to being anti-fretting for threaded items.
Plating thickness can vary between few microns up to tenths of millimeters according the end use of the parts.
| Corrosion | - |
| Abrasion | + |
| Electrical Conducivity | ++ |
| Painting Adhesion | - |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 400 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 600 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | FED-QQ-S-365 AMS2412 ASTM B700 AMS2750 6606F SPCGEN10049 EN2786 AMS2411 BAC5715 IQ.009.85.07 (RPS168) |
Electroless Nickel Plating
Electroless nickel plating is a chemical process applied by immersion of part into tanks containing nickel sulphate solution. This process is used to obtain compact plating, also for high thickness solutions, in order to improve corrosion and abrasion resistance. Moreover, electroless nickel plating is used to restore required dimension parts which are either worn or erroneously machined.
| Corrosion | + |
| Abrasion | + |
| Electrical Conducivity | - |
| Painting Adhesion | - |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 800 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 1200 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS2404 AMS2405 6612F QTA1301 BAC5728 NP913105 |
Nickel plating
Electrolytic process applied by immersion of part into nickel sulphate solutions which usually settles low thickness plating. Thanks to compact plating and optimal hardness performances, is often used for improve corrosion and wear resistance and restore required dimension parts.
| Corrosion | ++ |
| Abrasion | ++ |
| Electrical Conducivity | -- |
| Painting Adhesion | - |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 400 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 500 |
| x / height [mm] | 800 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | AMS2403 4HE-0036 IQ.009.85.1 |
Manganese Phosphating
Chemical convertion coating applied by immersion of sandblasting parts into tanks containing Mangnase Sulphate solution. Low thickness obtained can vary between 2,5 up to 10 micron.
This process is usually applied to reduction of freaction, improve wear resistance and prepare surfaces to organic coatings.
Post treatment, in case of no paint requirment, parts are oiled to confer modest corrosion resistance.
| Corrosion | + |
| Abrasion | + |
| Electrical Conducivity | - |
| Painting Adhesion | ++ |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 400 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 400 |
| x / height [mm] | 600 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | MIL-DTL-16232 ty M cl 1 6608F 238110 |
Zinc Phosphating
Chemical convertion coating applied by immersion of sandblasting parts into tanks containing phosphate solution. This process is usually applied to prepare surfaces to organic or lubrificant coatings.
Post treatment, in case of no paint requirment, parts are oiled to confer corrosion resistance.
| Corrosion | + |
| Abrasion | + |
| Electrical Conducivity | - |
| Painting Adhesion | ++ |
| Fatigue Strenght | + |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 400 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 400 |
| x / height [mm] | 600 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | MIL-DTL-16232 ty Z STA 100-83-84 BPS4384 NP913201 AMS2480 NTA73653 |
Black Steel Anodising
Chemical process which deposits black oxide film above parts surfaces. Generally used for gears in order to identify wear contact prints on the tooth of parts.
The coating has low wear resistance but post-processed parts can be oiled to improve performances.
| Corrosion | - |
| Abrasion | - |
| Electrical Conducivity | - |
| Painting Adhesion | - |
| Fatigue Strenght | - |
Plant 1
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 3000 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 800 |
| x / height [mm] | 600 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | MIL-DTL-13924 STA 100-80-84 BPS4084 MS8.17 |
Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection
Fluorent penetrant inspection is a non-destructive testing generally used for metal materials but, in case of specific technical requirments, can also be used for no metal materials.
With high sensitivity and precision, the inspection points out and make evident open discontinuty such as cracks, porosity and corrosions, although very small dimensions. The inspection is not applicable to porous materials.
| Corrosion | n/a |
| Abrasion | n/a |
| Electrical Conducivity | n/a |
| Painting Adhesion | n/a |
| Fatigue Strenght | n/a |
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
| x / dia [mm] | 800 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 800 |
| x / height [mm] | 700 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 200 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | ASTM-E-1417 AWPS006X P3TF47 9300F LMA-PC201 EI070-023 SPR-21-10-001 |
Plant 2
| x / dia [mm] | 5500 |
| x / lenght [mm] | 5500 |
| x / height [mm] | 2500 |
| Cranes load [Kg] | 2000 |
| Reach Impact | N |
| Plant Engineering Qualifications | ASTM-E-1417 AWPS006X P3TF47 9300F LMA-PC201 EI070-023 SPR-21-10-001 |